中医科学化的困境——以风行一时的“柳枝接骨术”为例

The Predicaments that Traditional Chinese Medicine Found Itself when Trying to be Scientific

与20世纪上半叶被动接受西医改造的"科学化"路径不同,20世纪50年代的"中医科学化"历程呈现出更为复杂的面相:一方面,创立具有现代性的"新医学"成为中医和西医发展的共同方向;另一方面,中医在寻求"科学化"的同时,需帮助西医实现"中国化";相应地,西医在寻求"中国化"的同时,也需帮助中医实现"科学化"。在这一背景下兴起的柳枝接骨术集中地映射出"中医科学化"自身的内在困境,在于弘扬传统文化与恪守现代科学标准的两难,而其本质则是文化与科学、传统与现代的冲突在中西医关系上的体现。即使人为地提高作为传统文化代表的中医的地位,最终也仍然无法使其摆脱"科学化"的困境。

In the early 20th century,the Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)was forced to be transformed by the modern western medicine,and yet in 1950s,China saw an endeavor to create a'New Medicine',in which attempts were made,on the one hand,the western modern medicine more Chinese,and on the other hand,the TCM more scientific.To make the TCM more scientific may find itself in a difficult situation,in which to carry on tradition may go against sticking to the scientific principles.This is virtually a conflict between culture and science,and tradition and modernity,as is reflected in the relation between the TCM and the western medicine.