假性高血压的研究进展

Advances in Research of Pseudohypertension

高血压是心脑血管疾病重要的危险因素,可损伤重要脏器如心、脑、肾的结构和功能,最终导致这些器官的功能衰竭,是危害人类健康的一大杀手。假性高血压(Pseudohypertension,PHT)是指普通袖带测压法所测血压值高于动脉穿刺直接测得的血压值的一种特殊现象,也是难治性高血压的一个主要原因。已有研究表明,假性高血压在老年人、动脉硬化、肾功不全及糖尿病患者中较为多见。目前国内外有限的研究显示假性高血压发病率1.7%-50%。在临床治疗中如不能准确识别假性高血压而对患者行过度降压治疗,将会造成严重的灌注不足事件如中风,甚至死亡。因此,假性高血压日益受到重视,本文就其诊断标准、产生机制、流行病学等方面作一综述。

Hypertension is an important risk factor for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, which can damage structure and function of vital organs such as the heart, brain and kidney. Pseudo hypertension （PHT） refers to the blood pressure measured by or- dinary cuff manometry is higher than that of the arterial puncture, which is an essential factor of refi＇actory hypertension. Recent findings have suggested that the elderly patients with concomitant history of atherosclerotic disease, renal insufficiency, and diabetes mellitus have the highest risk of pseudohypertension. The incidence rate of pseudohypertension is about 1.7%-50% in domestic and international stud- ies. In the clinical treatment, the misdiagnosis of hypertension of patients with excessive blood pressure will lead to severe perfusion de- fects. In this review, we will focus on the diagnosis and pathogenesis ofpseudohypertension.