药食两用念珠藻生物活性成分的研究进展

Progress on the bioactive components of medicinal and edible Nostoc species

地木耳、葛仙米、发菜等念珠藻食用和药用历史悠久,具有除疲劳、利肠胃、降脂明目等功效,外用也可以治疗烫伤等症。近年来的研究表明,念珠藻含有多种营养和活性成分,其中多糖类、蛋白类、脂类、色素类等成分具有抗氧化、抗感染、免疫调节、抗肿瘤等生物学和药理学活性。本文以药食两用念珠藻为主,综述念珠藻生物活性成分的研究进展,以期为念珠藻在生物医药领域的开发和应用提供参考。

Nostoc belongs to a genus of widespread cyanobacteria. Some species of Nostoc such as N. commune, N. sphaeroides and N. flagelliforme have been used as both food and medicine for centuries. Recent studies found a variety of bioactive substances derived from Nostoc species, including polysaccharides, proteins, lipids and pigments with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory and anti-tumor activities. This paper reviews the progress of the bioactive components of medicinal and edible Nostoc species, and provides an evidence for its further development and application.