孕产期劳动保护规定实施现状及其对在职育龄女性二孩生育意愿的影响——以湖南省为例

The Implementation of Labor Protection Regulations In Gestation and its Influence on the Fertility Desire for Two-Child of Working Women Who are Childbearing Age—— A Case Study of Hunan Province

本文基于湖南省孕产期劳动保护相关规定的落实情况,分析其对在职育龄女性二孩生育意愿的影响。通过分层整群随机抽样的方法对在职育龄女性进行问卷调查,得出如下结论:不同性质单位对各项劳动保护规定的落实情况参差不齐,国有企业女职工孕产期休假、劳动时间和劳动照顾规定的落实情况相对较好;配偶护理假、1小时哺乳时间、对原劳动的适应性和单位对高龄孕产妇的照顾措施显著影响在职育龄女性的二孩生育意愿。因此,相关政府部门应在确保各项劳动保护规定得到良好落实的基础上,不断优化完善各项政策,才能增加职业女性工作与生育间的兼容性,从而促进新生育政策目标的实现。

Objective： Investigating the implementation of labor protection regulations in gestation for working women in Hunan province, and analysing its influence on the fertility desire for two-child. Methods： By stratified cluster random sampling, the questionnaire survey was conducted among working women who are childbearing age. Results ： The implementation of labor protection regulations was different among enterprises. And the state-owned enterprises relatively did better in the implementation of maternity leave, hours of labour and caring for labor. Nursing leave, one hour time for lactation, adaptability to the original labor and maternal care measures for aged significantly influence working women＇s fertility desire for two-child. Conclusion ： The relevant government departments should ensure good implementation of labor protection regulations and improve constantly, in order to increase the compatibility between work and fertility of working women and so as to promote the realization of the new childbearing policy.