论听觉美的双重形态

On the Dual Form of Acoustic Beauty

剖析和把握听觉美,必须承认形式美与内涵美的区别,不能将二者混为一谈。所谓"听觉美",指能够直接唤起听觉愉快的音响美。它实际上表现为单纯由音响引起听觉愉快的形式美与由想象、联想、理解引起愉快的内涵美。文章从音频、音高、音强、音色、音质、音长、音密入手,剖析了听觉—音响美的物理基础和生理机制,讨论了以"旋律""和声""节奏"为主的音乐的纯形式美和建立在理解、想象、联想基础上的音乐的内涵美,提出了兼顾听觉美的双重形态,反对偏于一端的基本美学观。

To analyze and value of the acoustic beauty,we must acknowledge the difference between the beauty of form and the beauty of implication. The so-called＂acoustic beauty＂refers to the beauty of the sound that directly evokes pleasure in the sense of hearing. It is actually represented as the beauty in the form evoking acoustic pleasure and the beauty in the implication enriched by human imagination,association,and understanding. This article explores into the physical foundation and the physiological mechanism of the acoustic beauty from the musical perspectives of frequency,pitch,volume,tone and quality. It then discusses the beauty of form from the musical perspectives of melody,harmony and rhythm and the beauty of implication on the basis of understanding,imagination and association. Finally the author puts forward his aesthetic view of the dual form that integrates both the acoustic beauty and the implication beauty free from unbalanced biases.