庐山土壤有机质及氮磷钾含量与海拔关系研究

Study on the Relationship between Soil Organic Matter and N,P,K Content and Altitude in Mountain Lu

[目的]主要研究不同海拔庐山土壤的养分含量状况的差别。[方法]选择庐山地区3种典型土壤(山地红壤、山地黄壤、山地棕壤),分析不同层次中有机质、全氮、速效磷、速效钾的含量,阐明不同海拔土壤养分的垂直分布差异,以期进一步了解差异形成的原因。[结果]受自然因素(气候、温度、植被类型和凋落物等)和人为因素(不同的土地利用方式及污染等)的影响,土壤中的营养元素含量存在不同尺度的差异。不同海拔的土壤有机质含量与高度成正相关;土壤全氮含量随海拔升高而递增;速效磷含量有明显的空间差异,但与海拔无明显相关性;速效钾的含量与高度呈负相关,土壤总体养分含量为山地棕壤>山地黄壤>山地红壤。[结论]该研究对深入理解山地土壤垂直地带分布规律,提出土壤资源利用改良意见有积极意义。

[Objective] Differences of soil nutrient contents was mainly studied under different altitude of Mountain Lu .[Method]Selecting three typical soil （ mountain red soil,mountain yellow soil,mountain brown soil） of Mountain Lu region,organic matter,total N,available P,available K of different levels were analyzed,clarify difference of the vertical distribution of soil nutrients was explored under different altitude in order to fur-ther understand the forming causes of differences.[Result]Affected by natural factors （climate,temperature,vegetation types and litter,etc.） and human factors （different ways of land use and pollution,etc.）,the content of organic matter in soil was positively correlated with altitude.The content of total nitrogen in soil increased with increasing altitude.There was significant spatial difference in available phosphorus,but no signifi-cant correlation with altitude.Available potassium was negatively correlated with altitude.And the total nutrient content of soil was mountain brown soil〉mountain yellow soil〉mountain red soil.[Conclusion]This result is of great significance to the deep understanding of the vertical distribution of mountainous soil and the improvement of soil resource utilization.