美国“红色好莱坞”沉浮之历史启示

The Historical Revelation of the Red Hollywood in the United States

20世纪上半叶,"红色好莱坞"凝聚与造就了一大批激进电影艺术家,使众多影片在思想内容上顺应历史潮流,唱响反法西斯主义的时代强音。这些激进艺术家倡导技术创新与思想进步相结合的艺术理念,拍摄了众多能够产生斐然社会影响与商业效应的优秀影片。然而,在40年代末的政治迫害中,"红色好莱坞"急剧衰落,给后世留下四点深刻的历史启示:它的出现有其历史必然性;极端政治迫害只能倒逼电影产业;苏联的极端共产主义既是其兴盛的原因也是其衰落的原因;坚持理性而客观地反思黑名单现象。

In the first half of the 20th century, a large number of radical movie artists were assem- bled at the Red Hollywood , producing a lot of movies with ideological contents in accordance with the historical tendency, and thus strongly opposing fascism. These artists, who advocated a theory of the combining technological innovation with progressive thoughts, produced many good movies with re- markable social impact and commercial effect. However, the Red Hollywood declined sharply during the political persecution in the late 1940s, from which we may get profound historical revelations as follows, first, the emergence of the Red Hollywood had its historical inevitability~ second, extreme political persecution could only push back movie industry; third, the extreme communism of the Sovi- et Union was both the cause of its prosperity and its decline; last, we should reflect rationally and ob- jectively the production of the blacklist.