先秦道家生态思想初探

On the Ecological Thought of Pre-Qin Taoist School

先秦道家思想中蕴含着丰富的生态哲学思想。先秦道家的生态思想以"道法自然"为核心,主张人应当顺应自然规律;推崇"物无贵贱"的平等思想,认为人与外部环境是平等且统一的;主张"清静无为"的实践方式,认为人的活动应当适度,不能超过自然的承载限度。这些思想体现了古人对人与自然关系的深刻思考,和对自然内在价值、内在规律的尊重,但我们也不能忽视其中的局限性。先秦道家思想受当时时代的局限,具有一定的妥协性和消极色彩,需要我们予以改造。总之,先秦道家的生态思想为我们今天解决全球资源环境生态危机提供了重要的思想资源,值得我们研究借鉴。

Taoist thought in the Pre-Qin period contains rich ecological philosophies. The ecological thought of Taoism in the Pre-Qin period centers on the principle of ＂Dao follows Nature＂ , and advocates that people should conform to the laws of nature and admires the idea of equality that everything is equal,and it holds that human and the external environment are equal and unified; furthermore,it advocates the practical way of ＂quietism＂,and argues that human＇s activities should be moderate and cannot be beyond exceed the capacity of Nature. These thoughts reflect the ancient people＇s deep thinking on the relationship between man and nature, and their respect for the inherent value and the inherent law of nature. But we cannot ignore the fact that Taoist thought in the Pre-qin period was subjected to the limitations of the time,and it was characterized by a certain degree of compromise and negative eolor,whieh needs to be changed. In short,the ecological thought of the pre-Qin Taoists has provided important ideological resources for us to solve the ecological crisis of global resources and environment today.