上海鹦鹉洲湿地水质复合生态净化系统设计

Design of Compound Ecological Purification System for Preserving Water Quality of Shanghai Yingwuzhou Wetland

针对海岸带生态修复工程中水质净化与水生态功能提升问题,以鹦鹉洲湿地公园为例,介绍复合生态净化系统总体技术方案及单元设计要点,主要采取以"生态沉淀→强化净化→生态恢复→清水涵养"为核心的多级生态净化思路,构建包括"生态前置库→苇草型表面流人工湿地→清水涵养塘"的复合生态净化技术体系,并结合液压坝调控形成人工潮汐流,满足区域内部盐沼植物、浮游生物、鱼类甚至鸟类的多样化生境需要。分析认为,出水无机氮、活性磷酸盐及悬浮物的削减率可分别达到20%、15%和30%,并能有效控制藻类生物量,可为类似工程提供借鉴。

Shanghai Yingwuzhou wetland was presented as a case of coastal restoration project for improving the water quality and ecosystem functions. The overall technical scheme and the key points of unit design of this compound ecological purification system were introduced. The combination process in- elude deco-sedimentation, enhanced purification, restoration and clean water conservation. The ecologi- cal purification system consisted of ecological pre-dam, surface-flow constructed wetland, water conserva- tion pond, and an adjustable dam to create artificial tidal flow so as to meet requirement of growth of salt- marsh vegetation, plankton, fish and birds. It was suggested that the reduction rate of inorganic nitrogen, active phosphate and suspended solids could reach 20% , 15% and 30% respectively, with the algal bio- mass being controlled effectively. This design scheme can provide reference for similar projects for coastal ecological restoration and water quality purification.