2014年甘肃省碘缺乏病防治现状调查

Iodine deficiency disorders in Gansu Province in 2014

目的了解甘肃省2012年实施新盐碘标准后碘缺乏病病情及居民碘营养水平。方法2014年，在甘肃省按“人口比例概率抽样方法（PPS）”抽取30个县（市），每个县（市）抽取1所小学，每所小学抽取50名8～10岁儿童。进行甲状腺容积B超检查和尿碘检测，并检测其家中食用盐碘含量。在每所抽中小学所在乡（镇、街道办事处）抽取20名孕妇，采集尿样进行尿碘检测。尿碘检测采用尿中碘的砷铈催化分光光度测定方法（WS／T107．2006）；盐碘检测采用直接滴定法（GB／T13025．7．2012）。将儿童和孕妇尿碘检测结果与实施新盐碘标准前的2011年进行比较。结果居民户盐碘中位数为26．6mg／kg，碘盐覆盖率为99．5％（1492／1500），碘盐合格率为89．3％（1333／1492），合格碘盐食用率为88．9％（1333／1500）。儿童甲状腺肿大率为3．2％（48／1500）；共检测1499份儿童尿样，尿碘中位数为169．8μg／L，明显低于2011年的216．0μg／L（Z=-6．813，P〈0．05）。共检测600份孕妇尿样，尿碘中位数为161．8μg／L，明显低于2011年的168．6μg／L（Z=-3．590，P〈0．05）。结论实施新盐碘标准后甘肃省碘缺乏病仍处于控制状态。居民碘营养状况良好。

Objective To master the situation of iodine deficiency disorders （IDD） and the people＇s iodine nutritional status after implementation of the new salt iodine standard in Gansu Province in 2012. Methods Totally 30 counties （cities） were selected in Gansu Province by population proportionate to size sampling （PPS） method in 2014, and one primary school was selected in each counties （cities）. In each selected school, 50 children aged 8 - 10 years old were selected for thyroid examination by B-ultrasound, urine samples were collected for iodine determination, and salt samples were collected for iodine determination from a subset of children included in the study. Totally 20 pregnant women were selected from the towns with the sampled schools and urine samples were collected for iodine determination. Arsenic and cerium catalysis spectrophotometry （WS/T 107-2006） was used to detect urinary iodine content; direct titration （GB/T 13025.7-2012） was used to detect edible salt iodine content. Urinary iodine of children and pregnant women were compared with 2011 （before implementation of the new salt iodine standard）. Results The median of salt iodine was 26.6 mg/kg, the iodized salt coverage rate was 99.5% （1 492/1 500）, the qualified rate of iodized salt was 89.3% （1 333/1 492）, and the consumption rate of qualified iodized salt was 88.9% （1 333/1 500）. The thyroid goiter rate of children was 3.2% （48/1 500）; a total of 1 499 urine samples of children were detected, the urinary iodine median was 169.8μg/L, it was significantly lower than that in 2011 （216.0 μg/L, Z = - 6.813, P 〈 0.05）. A total of 600 urine samples of pregnant women were detected, the urinary iodine median was 161.8 μg/L, it was significantly lower than that in 2011 （168.6 μg/L, Z = - 3.590, P 〈 0.05）. Conclusion IDD has been controlled after implementation of the new standard of iodized salt and iodine nutrition condition is good.