不同规模猪场饲料粗蛋白水平及赖氨酸添加量的研究

Study on dietary crude protein and lysine levels on pig farms of different scale

为了解生猪养殖各阶段饲料粗蛋白水平及氨基酸添加情况,从而为低蛋白日粮研究提供实际生产数据,本文对55个不同规模猪场各阶段饲料中粗蛋白水平及氨基酸添加情况进行了调研。结果表明:猪场各阶段饲料粗蛋白水平、赖氨酸添加量等于或高于NRC标准;在育肥期阶段,各猪场饲料粗蛋白水平均高出NRC标准2百分点,2/3猪场赖氨酸添加量高出NRC标准01百分点。不同规模猪场间比较,在保育前、后期以及生长期,大、中、小型猪场饲料粗蛋白水平无显著差异(P>005)。而在育肥期,大型猪场饲料粗蛋白水平显著低于中、小型猪场(P<005);中、小型猪场间饲料粗蛋白水平差异不显著(P>005)。在保育前、后期,不同规模猪场饲料赖氨酸添加量无显著差异(P>005);而在生长期和育肥期,大、中、小型猪场饲料赖氨酸添加量依次下降,其中,在生长期大型猪场饲料赖氨酸添加量显著低于小型猪场(P<005),在育肥期显著低于中、小型猪场(P<005)。结果提示,我国猪场使用的饲料蛋白质水平普遍较NRC标准高;与中小猪场相比,大型猪场在生长育肥期使用较低的粗蛋白水平饲料。

To provide practical production data for dietary low-protein studies, we conducted a project of dietary crude protein and aminoacid levels at each stage of pig industry in China. The dietary crude protein and lysine levels in 55 farms of different scale were investigated.The results showed that dietary crude protein levels and lysine amounts on Chinese pig farms were higher than or equal to that of NRC stand-ard in all stages of pig growth. In the finishing period, dietary crude protein levels on Chinese pig farms were 2 percentage points higher thanthat of NRC standard. The amounts of dietary Lys in two thirds of farms were 0 1 percentage points higher than that of NRC standard. In theperiod of early and late nursing and growing, there was no significant difference of dietary crude protein levels among the large-, mediumand small-scale farms（P〉0.05）. Whereas in the finishing period, dietary crude protein levels of the large-scale farms were significantlylower than that of the medium-and small-scale farms（P〈0.05）, and there was no significant difference between the medium-and smallscale farms（P〉0.05）. In addition, no significant difference of dietary Lys levels were found among different scale farms in the nursing peri-od（P〉0.05）. Nevertheless, in the growing and finishing period, the amount of dietary Lys in the large-, medium-and small-scale farmswas in a decreasing manner. Among them, that in the large-scale farms was significantly lower than that in small-scale farms in the growingperiod（P〈0.05）, and significantly lower than that in medium-and small-scale farms in the finishing period（P〈0.05）. The results sug-gested that the dietary protein level of Chinese pig farms was generally higher than NRC standard. Compared with small and medium-sizedpig farms, large-sized pig farms used lower crude protein levels in the diet of porcine growing and finishing period.