美国一流大学教师专业发展机制研究——以密歇根大学和哈佛大学为例

The Research on the Teachers' Professional Development Mechanism in American First-class Universities

美国大学教师的专业发展机制建设经历了萌芽期、发展期和成熟期。以密歇根大学和哈佛大学为代表的美国一流大学教师专业发展机制的独到之处在于:"三位一体"的目标设计、以专门机构为载体的运行机制、"三足鼎立"的保障机制和"双重考察"的评价机制。我国大学在促进教师专业发展方面可借鉴美国一流大学的经验,制定明确的发展目标,建立专业化的发展平台,提供全面的保障机制,实行科学的评价机制。

The construction of American colleges ＇ teachers＇ professional development mechanism has experienced the germination period,the development period and the maturity period. Teachers＇ professional development mechanism in American first-class universities,such as the University of Michigan and Harvard University,originally lies in： object design of ＂the trinity＂,the operating mechanism based on the specialized agencies,the guarantee mechanism of ＂three pillars＂and the ＂double＂evaluation mechanism. During the promoting teachers＇ professional development,drawing on the lessons from the American top colleges＇ experience,Chinese colleges should formulate clear development goals,set up professional development platform,provide comprehensive security mechanism,and carry out scientific evaluation mechanism.