功能化碳纳米管改性热塑性复合材料研究进展

Progress in Functionalized Carbon Nanotubes-modified Thermoplastic Polymer Nanocomposites

碳纳米管(CNT)具有纳米级直径、大长径比、高强度,同时又具有优异的柔韧性以及良好的化学稳定性,这使得CNT可以成为增强聚合物复合材料的理想填料。然而,由于范德华力相互作用,CNT极难在热塑性基体中形成稳定分散。将CNT表面功能化是有效改善CNT与树脂基体亲和性和实现有效分散的重要手段。综述了CNT功能化的方法,功能化CNT在热塑性基体中的分散研究进展,及其改性后对热塑性基体的电学和力学性能等的影响,最后阐述了目前CNT在聚合物中应用的关键问题。

Carbon nanotube （CNT） exhibits excellent flexibility, ultra-high strength,good chemical stability properties as well as nanometer scale diameter and high aspect ratio, which make it an ideal reinforcement filler for high strength thermoplastic polymer composites. However, since CNT usually forms stable bundles due to strong van der Waals interactions, CNT is extremely difficult to be dispersed and aligned in polymer matrix. This paper reviews recent research progress of the related technology to improve the surface modification and dispersion of CNT in thermoplastic polymer matrix, and also introduces the physical properties and applications of the nanocomposites. Finally the current key problem of CNT application in thermoplastic polymer composites is elaborated.