H型微血管在骨形成中的作用机制和研究进展

Current research on mechanism of type H microvessel in osteogenesis

骨形成和血管新生是一个相互耦联的过程。最近在鼠科动物骨骼中新发现H型微血管(CD31hiEmcnhi),它可以调节骨骼血管密度,维持血管周围骨祖细胞活性,耦联血管新生和骨形成。Notch-Dll4信号可能是血管-成骨耦联的关键信号通路,激活Notch信号可促进H型微血管内皮细胞增殖和血管生成。H型微血管同时可分泌Noggin蛋白,调节骨祖细胞活性,恢复软骨细胞功能,重建骨小梁。

Blood vessels growth in the skeletal system and osteogenesis seem to be coupled. Recently, type H microvessel （CD3 lhiEmcnhi） has been found in murine skeletal system, and it can mediate growth of the bone vasculature, maintain perivascular osteoprogenitors and couple angiogenesis to osteogenesis. Type H endothelial cells can also secrete Noggin to regulate the proliferation of osteoprogenitors, restore the function of chondrocytes and rebuild normal trabecula in bone. Notch-Dll4 is possibly the molecular pathway linking angiogenesis and osteogenesis. Notch signaling promotes the proliferation of endothelial cells and the growth of type H microvessel.