利率市场化背景下商业银行最优存贷利差决定因素研究

Determinants of Optimal Deposit-loan Spreads of Commercial Banks in the Context of Interest Rate Marketization

利差为商业银行主要的利润来源,在利率市场化下探讨其影响因素具有重要意义。选取我国20家商业银行2008—2015年的数据,在对利率政策影响强度量化指标构建的基础上,分别利用静态和动态面板数据模型对各影响因素进行实证分析。静态面板回归结果大致表明:净利差与银行的规模、市场结构、营业成本之间均存在着长期稳定的关系,城市银行追逐高净利差表现更为突出;城市商业银行在获得较高利差中具有优势;政策性因素对城市商业银行的影响最为显著;动态面板回归结果说明,利率市场化改革过程中,商业银行的利差有一个缩小的趋势。

Spread income is the main source of profit for commercial banks,and it is of great significance to explore the influencing factors under interest rate marketization. This paper first explores the relationship between the optimal interest rate and the optimal spread based on the theoretical analysis. Secondly,the data of 20 commercial banks in China from 2008 to 2015 are selected. Based on the construction of the quantification index of interest rate policy influence,the static and dynamic The panel data model is used to analyze the influencing factors. The results of static panel regression show that there is a long-term stable relationship between net interest margin and bank size,market structure and operating cost,and the performance of urban banks is higher than that of urban banks. And the influence of policy factors on urban commercial banks is the most significant. The results of dynamic panel regression show that the interest rate of commercial banks has a narrowing trend in the process of marketization of interest rate.