论康德从道德到宗教的推理

On Kant's Reasoning That Morality Leads to Religion

在康德那里,理性追求无条件者的本性,导致在理论领域中出现二律背反,然而它不足以产生在实践领域中的至善的二律背反。人的有限性是理性在实践领域中产生至善的二律背反的根源。一方面,人的有限性,使得理性扩展道德学的范围,把至善作为道德法则的结果引入道德学之中;另一方面,人的有限性使得至善只有在宗教中才具有可能性,同时上帝得到相应的规定。人的有限性这一视角清晰地呈现康德从道德推导向宗教的思路,并且能够澄清学界的一些误解。

In Kant＇ s Philosophy, nature that reason pursues the unconditional produces antinomy in the field of theory, which, however, is not enough to produce the antinomy of the highest good in the field of practice. The limitation of human being is the root of the antinomy of the highest good that reason produces in the field of prac- tice. On the one hand, the limitation of human being enables reason to extend the scope of ethics, and the highest good, as the object of the moral law, is put into ethics. On the omer nanu, it makes the highest good only possible in religion, and God obtains the corresponding attributes. The perspective ing clearly shows how Kant deduces from morality to religion, and clarifies some misunderstandings in the academic field as well.