林场职工工作特征影响幸福体验的双路径模型探讨及其人格特质的调节作用

Dual-path Model of Job-related Characteristics Affecting Happiness Experience of Forest Farm Staff and Regulation Role of Personality Traits

林业产业作为国家经济来源之一,其发展关乎民生大计。林场职工的稳定性是确保林业顺利发展的重要保证。从心理学视角出发,探讨林场职工的职业心理机制。采用方便抽样的方法,选择3个样本国有林场的职工,发放问卷450份,回收有效问卷387份,有效率为86%。研究结果验证了工作特征影响林场职工幸福体验双路径模型,工作要求正向预测林场职工主观幸福感和情绪幸福,工作要求通过工作-家庭冲突的中介作用,进而影响林场职工的幸福体验,工作要求高,工作-家庭冲突多;工作资源在工作要求影响工作-家庭冲突的过程中起调节作用,工作资源正向预测林场职工的主观幸福感和情绪幸福,工作资源通过工作-家庭促进的中介作用影响林场职工的幸福体验。人格特质对双路径模型具有调节作用,人格特质中的外倾性、宜人性缓冲工作-家庭冲突对幸福体验的负向影响,宜人性对工作-家庭促进和幸福感的关系也具有调节效应,宜人性促进工作-家庭促进对幸福体验的正向影响。

Forestry industry is one of the sources of national economy and its development is closely related to people＇s livelihood. Therefore,the stability of forest farm staff is an important guarantee to ensure the smooth development of forestry. This paper explores the occupational psychological mechanism of forest farm staff from the psychological perspetive. A total of 450 questionnaires were delivered to three state-owned forest farms,and 387 questionnaires were valid,i. e.,the recovery rate was 86%. The results validated the double-path model of job-related characteristics affecting the forest farm staff＇s happiness experiences,the job demand positively predicted subjective well-being and emotional wellbeing of staff. The job demand affected the happiness of staff by the mediation of job-family conflict. The more the job demand was,the more the job-family conflict was,job resources played a regulation role in the process of job demand affecting job-family conflict. Job resources positively predicted the subjective well-being and emotional well-being of forest farm staff; the job demand affected the happiness of staff bythe mediation of job-family promotion. Personality traits demonstrated moderating effects on the dual-path model,specifically,the extroversion and pleasantness of the personality traits buffered the negative impact of job-family conflict on the happiness experience,the pleasantness had a moderating effect on the relationship between job-family promotion and happiness,and the pleasantness increased the positive impact of the job-family promotion to the happiness experience.