老年糖尿病并发肺部感染患者病原学特点及药物敏感性

Etiology characteristics and drug sensitivity in elderly patients with diabetes complicated with pulmonary infection

目的:探究老年糖尿病并发肺部感染患者病原学特点及药物敏感性。方法:选取2014年12月至2016年12月收治的50例老年糖尿病并发肺部感染患者及同期50例老年非糖尿病并发肺部感染患者为研究对象,对50例老年糖尿病并发肺部感染患者(观察组)及50例老年非糖尿病并发肺部感染患者(对照组)实施痰细菌培养及药敏试验,并对两组研究对象的痰细菌培养及药敏试验结果进行对比。结果:观察组患者革兰阴性杆菌阳性率(66.67%)高于对照组(43.24%)(χ~2=4.214,P=0.040),但观察组患者革兰阳性球菌阳性率(25.64%)低于对照组(48.64%)(χ~2=4.319,P=0.038),而两组患者间真菌阳性率比较差异无统计学意义(χ~2=0.295,P=0.587);观察组患者病原菌较对照组更容易出现抗生素耐药,主要为阿米卡星、氨苄青霉素/舒巴坦、氧氟沙星、环丙沙星、头孢呋肟、头孢曲松等药物。结论:老年糖尿病并发肺部感染患者的病原菌主要为革兰阴性杆菌,且较老年非糖尿病并发肺部感染患者,更易出现抗生素耐药。

Objective： To explore the etiology characteristics and drug sensitivity in elderly patients with diabetes complicated with pulmonary infection. Methods：50 cases of elderly patients with diabetes complicated with pulmonary infection （experimental group） and 50 cases of elderly patients with lung infection patients （control group） from December 2014 to December 2016 were selected as study objects. The results of sputum bacterial culture and drug sensitive test in the two groups were compared. Results：The gram - negative bacilli positive rate in experimental group （66.67 % ） was significantly higher than that in control group （43.24 % ） （ Х^2 = 4.214, P = 0.040） ; the gram - positive coccus positive rate （ 25.64 % ） was significantly lower than that in control group （ 48.64 % ） （ Х^2 = 4.319, P = 0. 038） ; there was not significant difference of fungi positive rate in the two groups （ Х^2 = 0. 295, P = 0.587）. The pathogenic bacteria in experimental group was likely to have antibiotic resistant pathogens than that in control group, especially for amikacin, ampicillin/shu ba jotham, ofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, cephalosporins oxime, ceftriaxone and other drugs. Concluslons：The pathogenic bacteria in elderly patients with diabetes complicated with pulmonary infection are mainly gram - negative bacilli and, compared with patients without diabetes, are easier to have antibiotic resistance.