特朗普政府内外政策探析

Trump Administration's Domestic and Foreign Policies: A Preliminary Assessment

特朗普上台执政为美国内政外交带来众多变数。在政治层面,建制派与反建制派的对弈成为美国政治的全新范式。小圈子决策、行政令治国、推特治国等一系列做法致使特朗普迄今为止无法组成完整的工作团队,府会关系微妙,行政、司法对立凸显,共和党内无法完成整合,民主党抗争加剧,总统与传统主流媒体尖锐对立。在外交领域,基于"美国优先"的理念,特朗普在处理美国与外部世界的关系时更加内倾,不愿承担过多责任,尤为强调经济收益,交易思维突出,同时也更加强悍。中美关系面临新的机遇与挑战。在与特朗普政府的全新互动中,中方沉着应对,及时捕捉新机遇,实现了中美关系良好开局。与此同时,应防范美国政治内斗加剧、特朗普易变个性、周边局势,以及特朗普政府内部战略派力量上升给中美关系带来的风险。

Mr. Trump's victory in the 2016 presidential campaign casts big shadow over American domestic and foreign policy. The competition and confrontation between Trump Administration and the establishments becomes the new political reality in Washington DC. The United States under Trump Administration was plagued by a foreign and domestic policy team far from complete,small group decision making,governance by Presidential Executive Orders,press conference via tweets,and fierce partisan politics in Capitol Hill. President Trump's understanding of the international situation and American role is very different from his predecessors,and he emphasizes'American First'by reducing American international obligations and asking allies and partners to do more. Trump Administration's foreign policy tends to be inwardnessoriented and transactional,and this brings about both great challenges and major opportunities for Sino-US relations. With the Mar-a-Largo summit in April,2017,both countries started the initial interaction in a positive way. Considering the internal fights in Trump Administration and President Trump's preferences in domestic and foreign policy,China and US may experience further challenge in the future.