黑素瘤组织中乙醛脱氢酶1、上皮性钙黏附蛋白及尿激酶型纤溶酶原激活物受体的表达及临床意义

Expression and clinical significance of ALDH1, E-cad and uPAR in human melanoma

目的研究黑素瘤组织中乙醛脱氢酶1(aldehyde dehydrogenase 1,ALDH1)、上皮性钙黏附蛋白(E-cadherin,E-cad)及尿激酶型纤溶酶原激活物受体(urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor,uPAR)的表达及与临床病理特征的关系。方法选择50例黑素瘤和50例色素痣患者的病变组织作为研究对象,采用免疫组化法检测病变组织中的ALDH1、E-cad及uPAR的表达情况,分析这3种蛋白表达与患者临床组织病理特征、肿瘤分期的关系。结果黑素瘤组织中ALDH1和uPAR表达阳性率分别为82.00%(41/50)和86.00%(43/50),均显著高于色素痣组(P<0.05);黑素瘤组织中E-cad阳性表达率为38.00%(19/50),显著低于色素痣组(P<0.05)。ALDH1、uPAR表达阳性率与患者年龄、性别、肿瘤厚度、浸润深度、是否淋巴结转移和组织病理分型均无相关性,但肿瘤厚度≥4 mm、浸润深度Ⅳ~Ⅴ、发生淋巴结转移等患者黑素瘤组织中ALDH1、uPAR表达阳性率均>90%。浸润深度Ⅳ~Ⅴ的黑素瘤患者E-cad表达阳性率显著低于浸润深度Ⅰ~Ⅲ的患者(P<0.05),黑素瘤患者E-cad表达阳性率与其他临床特征无相关性。结论黑素瘤在发生和进展过程中ALDH1、uPAR表达上调,E-cad表达下调,E-cad表达下调与肿瘤程度有关。

Objective To study the expression of aldehyde dehydrogenase 1（ALDH1）, E-cadherin（E-cad） and urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor（uPAR） in melanoma tissues and their relationship with clinicopathological features. Methods A total of 50 lesions of melanoma and 50 lesions of nevus were selected as the research objects, and the expression of ALDH1, E-cad and uPAR were detected by immunohistochemical method, then the correlations between the expression of the three kinds of proteins, clinicopathological features, and tumor staging were analyzed. Results ALDH1 and uPAR positive expression rate of melanoma tissues were 82.00% （41/50） and 86.00% （43/50） respectively, which were significantly higher than that of pigmented nevus group （P〈0.05）; melanoma tissue E-cad positive expression rate was 38.00% （19/50）, which was significantly lower than that of pigmented nevus group （P〈0.05）. ALDH1, uPAR expression wasn＇ t related to age, gender, tumor thickness, depth of invasion, lymph node metastasis and pathological classification, but for the melanoma tissues which tumor invasion depth over 4mm, depth of invasion ranged IV ～ V and lymph node metastasis occurred, the positive expression rate of ALDH1 and uPAR was above 90%. The positive expression rate of E-cad was significantly lower in patients with infiltrative depth ranged IV ～ V than that in patients with invasive depth ranged I ～ III （P〈0.05）, and the positive expression rate of E-cad was not associated with other clinical features. Conclusion The expression of ALDH1 and uPAR was up-regulated and the expression of E-cad was down-regulated during the development and progression of melanoma. The down-regulation of E-cad expression was related to the degree of tumor.