科技进步对城镇职工性别工资差异的影响

The Influence of Scientific and Technological Progress on the Gender Wage Differentials of Urban Workers

现阶段中国劳动力市场仍存在性别歧视问题,相关学者多采用差异分解方法对性别工资差异问题进行实证研究,由于难以直接得到各个行业或职业的女性和男性平均工资,而使用了基于模型假设的模糊数据分析与计量以得到近似数据,使得结果与实际有一定偏差。基于此,本文引入工资倾向系数这一概念,并建立测算模型,以精确计算性别工资倾向指数,并进一步建立了回归模型,分析检验科技进步对性别工资差异的影响。结果发现,科技进步和城镇女性就业人员的比例是影响城镇性别工资差异的重要因素,其中科技进步有着更大的影响。

Since there are still gender discrimination issues in China＇s current labor market, many scholars uses the difference decomposition method to make empirical studies on the problem of gender wage differentials. It is difficult to directly get the average wage of men and women in industry or occupation, so the fuzzy data analysis and econometric model assumptions are used to obtain approximate data, which probably make the results have a certain deviation. Thus, this paper introduces the concept of wage preference coefficient, establishes the calculation model to calculate the gender wage preference index, and further establishes a regression model to analyze and test the impact of scientific and technological progress on gender wage differentials. It is found that the proportion of scientific and technological progress and urban female employment affect the gender wage differential importantly, while scientific and technological progress has a greater impact.