工资水平与制造业出口企业产品创新——基于“出口中学习”视角的二元边际考察

Wage Level and Manufacturing Export Firms' Product Innovation——A Review of Duel Margins from the Perspective of “Learning by Exporting”

本文基于"出口中学习"视角分析了工资水平影响企业产品创新二元边际的内在机制,并利用1998~2007年中国工业企业数据进行了实证检验。研究表明,工资水平上涨对出口企业产品创新的扩展与集约边际均有显著的正向影响,工资水平较高的企业更倾向于进行产品创新并生产更多的创新产品。进一步考虑投资企业类型、企业规模和企业所属行业后发现,工资水平上涨对内资企业产品创新的影响作用显著大于外资企业;工资水平上涨促进了大中型企业产品创新二元边际的提升,而对小型企业的影响并不显著;工资水平上涨提高了劳动密集型企业和资本密集型企业产品创新的扩展边际,提高了资本密集型企业和技术密集型企业产品创新的集约边际。

This paper analyzes the mechanism of wage level affecting firms ＇ product innovation duel margins from the perspective of ＂learning by export- ing＂ , and investigates the micro effects of wage level on firms＇ product innova- tion based on the Annual Survey of Industrial Firms in China from 1998 to 2007. We draw the following conclusions： wage level has a significantly positive impact on the extensive and intensive margins of firms＇ product innovation, firms with higher wage level are more likely to exert product innovation and produce more innovative products. Considering about firm＇s ownership, scale and the in- dustry it belongs to, we find that the impact of wage level on domestic firms＇ product innovation is significantly greater than that of foreign-funded firms; the in- creasing wage level promotes the duel margins of product innovation of medium and large firms, while has no significant impact on small farms; the increasing wage level promotes the extensive margin of product innovation in labor-intensive firms and capital-intensive firms, and wage level plays a significantly positive role in the intensive margin of product innovation in capital-intensive firms and technology-intensive firms.