近三十年社会学学术研究的发展轨迹与本土化反思

The Developmental Trajectories and Reflection on Localization of the Sociological Academic Research in the Past Thirty Years

"三十而立,四十而不惑",中国社会学恢复重建近四十年后,要实现理论自觉,社会学界有必要对学术研究的本土化进行系统的梳理与反思。通过对《社会学研究》杂志创刊30年以来2248篇学术论文的分析,考察社会学重建以后的学术发展变迁历程,研究发现:不同领域的学术主题在重建后都获得了一定的发展,并且突出了中国社会学的主体性格、实用性格与学术性格;研究方法呈现出规范化倾向,注重理论框架或假设与经验材料的相互结合,推动了社会学学科的科学化进程。基于上述发现,进一步提出社会学本土化存在的问题与反思,认为应当在批判方法论与知识形态、概念与操作化、特殊性与普遍性这三方面存在的误解的基础上,探索理论与经验的结合,真正推动中国社会学从本土化的初级阶段进入更为成熟的阶段。

＂At thirty, one had planted his feet firm upon the ground; at forty, he no longer suffered from perplexities.＂It has been almost forty years since the restoration and reconstruction of Chinese Sociology, and to realize＂theoretical consciousness＂, it is necessary for the Sociology circle to make a systematic review and reflection of the academic research on the localization of Chinese sociology. Based on the sample from the 2248 papers since Sociological Studies was founded 30 years ago, this article investigates the academic changes and developments since the restoration and reconstruction of Chinese Sociology. Result found that academic subjects in different fields had all obtained certain development after the restoration and reconstruction, which highlighted the subjective character, practical character and academic character of Chinese sociology. The research methods had presented the tendency of standardization, and the attention to the combination of the theoretical framework or hypotheses and the empirical materials, which promoted the scientific process of sociology. Based on the findings above, this article put forward the problems and existing in the localization of sociology and our reflections, and proposed that we should promote a further combination of theory and empirical materials based on the criticism of the existing misunderstandings about methodology and knowledge formality, concepts and operationalization, along with particularity and universality. And finally promotes the Chinese sociology to develop from the current primary stage into a more mature stage