2013～2015年某院综合ICU医院感染率及病原学特征分析

A Study on the Hospital Infection Rate and Etiological Characteristics in the Comprehensive ICU of A Hospital from 2013 to 2015

目的分析评价某院2013~2015年综合ICU医院感染发生率与侵入性操作感染率,并分析医院感染的病原学特征,为可行性预防和控制策略的制定提供依据。方法回顾性分析2013~2015年综合ICU监测的相关数据,分析医院感染与侵入性操作相关性,使用Excel 2007建立数据库,所有数据统计处理使用SPSS 17.0软件。结果 2013~2015年共监测综合ICU住院患者2 462例,累计住院日13 792d,其中,医院感染发生率2013年为8.39%、2014年为8.89%、2015年为9.73%;侵入性操作相关感染中,发生率最高的为呼吸机相关性肺炎;3年共检出医院感染多药耐药菌90株,其中,最常见的鲍曼不动杆菌占48.89%,大肠埃希菌占13.33%,金黄色葡萄球菌、肺炎克雷伯菌以及铜绿假单胞菌均占11.11%,其他多重耐药菌占4.45%。结论综合ICU医院感染率较高,特别是患者大多要接受各种侵入性操作的诊疗易发生医院感染,应继续加强对ICU医院感染的预防控制。

Objective To investigate the incidences of the hospital infection and invasive operation-associated infection in the comprehensive ICU of a hospital from 2013 to 2015, analyze the etiological characteristics of hospital infection, and provide the basis for making the feasible strategy of prevention and control. Methods The related monitoring data of the comprehensive ICU from 2013 to 2015 were analyzed retrospectively to analyze the correlation between the hospital infection and the invasive operation. The database was built by Excel 2007 and the data were processed statistically by SPSS 17.0. Results A total of 2 462 inpatients were monitored in the comprehensive ICU from 2013 to 2015 with 13 792 days of hospital stay in total. The incidences of hospital infection from 2013 to 2015 were 8.39 %, 8.89 %, and 9.73 % respectively. The incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia was the highest in the invasive operation-associated infection. 90 strains of multidrug-resistant bacteria were isolated in the 3 years. Among those strains, 48.89% were Aeinetobacter baumannii, 13.33% were Escherichia coil and 11.11% were MRSA, 11.11% were Klebsielle pneumoniae, 11.11% were Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and 4. 45% were other species of strains. Conclusion The incidence of hospital infection is relatively high in the comprehensive ICU, especially when the patients receive various invasive operations. Therefore, More measures should be taken to prevent and control the hospital infection of ICUs.