中国中小制造企业的用户决策型众包及实施路径研究——基于创新和资源优化视角

Research of User-decision Crowdsourcing and its Implementation for SMEs of China:Innovation and Resources Optimization

众包可以重塑中小制造企业的价值链,赋予企业持续创新能力,优化企业资源配置。文章根据决策模式的差异,将众包分为用户决策型和定制匹配型,对两种众包模式的属性进行对比分析,提出用户决策型众包可以有效解决中国中小制造企业面临的创新能力不足、资源利用效率低下、全球价值链低端锁定的困境。根据目前中小制造企业的发展现状,提出中小制造企业用户决策型众包的实施分为初级阶段、中级阶段和高级阶段。在实施众包的过程中需要注意众包模式对企业产品的属性要求,品牌载体的异化,定制匹配型网站用户向企业主选择型众包平台的引流,以及众包参与者自我学习、提升需求的满足。

Crowdsourcing can reshape the value chain of small and medium sized enterprises（ SMEs）,endowenterprises with innovative sustainability,and optimize the allocation of resources. According to the difference in decision modes,crowdsourcing falls into two types,namely user-decision and customized-matching in this paper.It pinpoints that user-decision crowdsourcing can effectively solve the SMEs＇ problems,such as inefficiency of resource utilization,lack of innovation and ＂lower-grade locking ＂of global value chain by a comparative analysis of the attributes of the two crowdsourcing modes.Considering the current situation of SMEs,the paper proposes that the implementation stages of the user-decision crowdsourcing of the SMEs are divided into primary stage,intermediate stage and advanced stage,during which,much attention should be paid to some problems like products＇ property requirements of the crowdsourcing mode,alienation of brand carrier,user＇s drainage from customized-matching website to user-decision platform and the needs satisfaction of self-learning and improvement of crowdsourcing participants.