“受累”的词义演变

The Semantic Change of “shoulei”

"受累"一词起初作"受到连累"讲,构词语素"累"作"连累"义,是词语的核心语素,承担了词语主要的语义功能;另一构词语素"受"作为遭受义动词,必须与动词或形容词搭配出现,表示隐含被动,其后不能再加宾语,"受"限制了词语的语法和部分语用功能。"累"出现新义——"疲劳""劳累"义,其词性由动词转变为形容词,核心语素语义变化对词义产生影响,而"受"语义虚化,用法比较灵活,允许"受+形容词"这一形式出现,因此"受累"一词生出新义——"受到劳累"。另外在使用过程中,受语用推理等因素影响,"受累"一词常使用作客气话,有"麻烦""烦扰"之意。

The meaning of “shoulei” was implicated, word-forming morpheme “lei” is the meaning of implicated, which is the core morpheme and undertake the main semantic function; The other one “ shou” is one of the adversity implicature verbs, which must ap-pears with verbs and adjectives. It is used as the implicit passive and it cannot add an object,“shou” limits the grammatical functions ofwords and some pragmatic functions. When “lei” appears a new meaning------ “ tired”,it change into adjective. The change of coremorpheme semantic affected the meaning ofthe word. The semantics ofthe word is empty and flexible, so it allows this form to appear. So,the word of “shoulei” has new meaning--“tired” . In the process of use, impacted by the pragmatic inference, the word of“shoulei” is often used as a polite remark and it has the meaning of bother and trouble.