外显、建构与制约:语言在认识活动中的基本功能

Expression,Construction and Constraint:Basic Functions of Language in Cognitive Activity

在世界、思维、语言构成的三元认知结构中,语言的认知外显功能、建构功能和制约功能实现了人类内在精神世界和外在物质世界的联结,对人类认识活动施加横向递推力。首先,语言的认知外显功能使得存在于个体思维意识中的感官印象和雏形概念得以在外部空间有效表达,实现了"我"眼中世界的外显化。在个体认知有效表达后,语言的建构功能实现了复数个体认知的汇集和人类关系网络的搭建,并在此基础上对送入关系网络的认知子集进行整合、协调,形成具有普遍适用性的建构态认知,从而搭建了"我们"眼中的世界。成型后的建构态认知依托语言的制约功能、以具象语言符号为基本手段,对关系网络中的各行为人施加或显性或隐性的影响。

In the ternary cognitive structure composed of the real world,mind and language,language makes humans＇ inward spiritual world link with the external natural world,and exerts a progressive power on human cognition actions via its expressive,constructive and constraining functions.Firstly,the expressive function of language enables individuals＇ abstract sensorial impressions and private preliminary notions to be effectively conveyed,whereby the subjective world in ＂my＂eyes is expressed..On this basis,the constructive function of language realizes integration of cognitions of multiple individuals and establishment of human relation network,and then integrates and coordinates cognitive subsets input into the relation network to form universal constructive cognitions,so as to establish a world in ＂our＂eyes.The formed constructive cognitions exert explicit or implicit influence on actors in the relation network in reliance upon the constraining function of language with concrete linguistic symbols as the fundamental means.