AFB_1和DON对小鼠的联合毒性研究

Study on joint toxic effects of AFB_1 and DON in mice

旨在研究黄曲霉毒素B1(AFB1)和脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇(DON)对小鼠的单独及联合毒性作用。选取21日龄昆明系雄性小鼠96只,随机分为4组,每组3个重复,每个重复8只。试验期间各组小鼠饲喂相同的饲料,第Ⅰ组为对照组,每天灌服生理盐水,第Ⅱ组灌服200μg·kg-1AFB1,第Ⅲ组灌服500μg·kg-1DON,第Ⅳ组灌服200μg·kg-1AFB1+500μg·kg-1DON。试验期为30 d。分别于试验的第15天和第30天,每个重复随机选择4只小鼠经眼球采血,用于测定血清生化指标,同时剖检小鼠,取肝脏和脾脏,计算脏器指数,并观察肝脏病理变化。结果显示,在试验第15天时,与对照组相比,第Ⅳ组小鼠肝脏、脾脏相对指数、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)活性、丙二醛(MDA)含量显著升高,总蛋白(TP)和白蛋白(ALB)含量显著降低;同时,第Ⅳ组小鼠肝脏、脾脏相对指数、AST活性和MDA含量显著高于第Ⅱ、Ⅲ两组。试验至30 d时,与对照组相比,第Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组小鼠的增重量均显著降低;第Ⅳ组小鼠血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、碱性磷酸酶(ALP)和r-谷氨酰基转移酶(r-GT)活性显著升高,超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性和TP、ALB含量显著降低;与第Ⅱ、Ⅲ组相比,第Ⅳ组小鼠血清ALP、r-GT活性和MDA含量显著升高,而SOD活性显著降低。试验表明,AFB1和DON可显著降低小鼠的增重量、肝脏与脾脏指数、改变血清生化指标,且两者联合毒性作用大于任一毒素的单独毒性。

An experiment was conducted to study the individual or joint toxicity of aflatoxin B1（ AFB1） and deoxynivalenol（ DON） in mice. Ninety-six Kunming male mice（ 21-day-old） were randomly divided into four groups,three replicates per group and eight per replicate. All mice were fed with the same feedstuff during the experiment. Mice in group Ⅰ were gavaged with the physiological saline every day; the mice in group Ⅱ were gavaged with 200 μg·kg-1AFB1; the mice in group Ⅲ were gavaged with 500 μg·kg-1DON and the mice in group Ⅳ were gavaged with 200 μg·kg-1AFB1＋ 500 μg·kg-1. The trial was conducted for 30 days. On the 15 th and 30 thday,four mice from each replicate were selected randomly and blood samples were taken from the eyeball for measuring serum biochemical indexes. Meanwhile,the selected mice were slaughtered and the liver and spleen were taken for calculating the organ relative indexes,and the pathologic changes of liver tissues were observed. The results showed that,compared with the control group,the relative organ indexes of liver and spleen,serum AST activities and MDA contents of mice in Group Ⅳ were significantly increased,the ALB and TP contents were significantly decreased on the 15 thday. Compared with Group Ⅱ and Group Ⅲ,the relative organ indexes of liver and spleen,serum AST activities and MDA contents of mice in Group Ⅳ were significantly increased. On the 30 thday,compared with the control group,weight gain of mice in Group Ⅱ,Ⅲ,and Ⅳ were significantly decreased; serum ALT,ALP,r-GT activities of mice in Group Ⅳ were significantly increased,but SOD activities,and TP,ALB contents were significantly decreased.Compared with Group Ⅱ and Group Ⅲ,serum ALP and r-GT activities,and MDA contents of mice in Group Ⅳ were significantly increased,while serum SOD activities were significantly decreased. These experimental results suggest that AFB1 and DON can decrease the weight gain,liver and spleen relative indexes,and alter the biochemical indexes; the joint toxic effects of AFB1 and DON are higher than any of the individual toxicology.