荷叶中苷类成分的分离鉴定

Isolation and identification of glycosides from the leaves of Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.

[目的]研究荷叶中的苷类化学成分,为荷叶化学成分的系统研究、质量控制及新药开发提供参考依据。[方法]综合利用硅胶、十八烷基键合硅胶(ODS)、凝胶(Sephadex LH-20)等柱色谱以及制备高效液相色谱(pHPLC)进行分离纯化,最后通过质谱(MS)、核磁(NMR)以及与已知文献比对等方法,鉴定各化合物的结构。[结果]荷叶经70%的乙醇提取,通过各种分离纯化方法,共得到9个单体化合物,分别为:异槲皮苷(1)、槲皮素-3-O-β-D-吡喃木糖-(1→2)-β-D-吡喃半乳糖苷(2)、槲皮素-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖醛酸-6''-甲酯(3)、槲皮素-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖醛酸-6''-乙酯(4)、山奈酚-3-O-β-D-吡喃半乳糖苷(5)、鼠李素-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(6)、柯伊利素-7-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(7)、(+)-松脂醇-4-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(8)、(+)-表松脂醇-4'-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(9)。[结论]3-4,8-9为莲属植物中首次分离得到的化合物。

[Objective] To investigate the glycosides from the lotus leaf in order to further research on quality control and new drug development. [Methods] The glycosides were separated by silica gel, ODS, Sephadex LH-20 column chromatographies, as well as preparative HPLC, the structures were identified by MS, NMR spectra and comparison with literatures. [Results] Nine compounds were purified from 70% ethanol extract of lotus leaves and identified as isoquercitrin（1）, quercetin-3-O-β-D-xylopyranosyl（1 →2）-β-D-galactopyranoside（2）, quercetin-3-O-β-D-glucuronide-6″-methyl ester（3）, quercetin-3-O-β-D-glucuronide-6″-ethyl ester（4）, kaempferol 3-O-β-D-galactopyranoside（5）, chrysoeriol-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside（6）, chrysoeriol-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside（7）,（＋）-pinoresinol-4-O-β-D-glucoside（8）,（＋）-epipinoresinol-4′-O-β-D-glucoside（9）. [Conclusion] Compounds 3, 4, 8 and 9 were obtained from genus of Nelumbo for the first time.