南高丛蓝莓快繁体系的建立

Rapid propagation system establishment for southern highbush blueberry

为建立一套完整、高效的蓝莓快繁体系,以南高丛蓝莓‘南金’的幼嫩枝条为试验材料,取带腋芽的茎段为外植体,分别进行外植体消毒、丛生芽诱导、组培苗继代增殖、组培苗生根和组培苗移栽试验。结果表明:用5%Na Cl O溶液消毒10 min、用0.1%Hg Cl2溶液消毒7 min时外植体的消毒效果最好;蓝莓茎段诱导形成丛生芽的最佳培养基是改良WPM+ZT 4.0 mg/L,增殖倍数达3.86,平均芽高为19.4 mm;组培苗最佳继代增殖培养基是改良WPM+ZT 1.0 mg/L,增殖倍数为1.82,平均株高达44.7 mm;组培苗最佳生根培养基组合是改良1/4 WPM+IBA0.5 mg/L+NAA 1.0 mg/L;组培苗最佳移栽基质是蛭石+草炭土(体积比1∶1),移栽成活率可达96.95%。

In order to figure out the best experimental conditions and to establish a complete and efficient system for rapid propagation of blueberry, a series of experiments were conducted on explant sterilization, buds induction, subculture of tissue-cultured seedlings, rooting and transplanting of tissue-cultured seedlings by employed twigs of ‘South Golden＇, a variety of southern highbush blueberries, stems with axillary buds were used as explants. The results indicated that the explants soaked in 5% Na Cl O solution for 10 min, then in 0.1% Hg Cl2 solution for 7 min displayed the best effect in disinfection. Modified WPM with 4.0 mg/L ZT was the best medium for inducing buds, and the multiplication coefficient reached to 3.86, the average height of buds was 19.4 mm; modified WPM with 1.0 mg/L ZT was the best subculture medium, the multiplication coefficient was 1.82 and the average height of seedlings on this medium reached to 44.7 mm; modified 1/4WPM with 0.5 mg/L IBA and 1.0 mg/L NAA was considered as the best medium for inducing roots of tissue-cultured seedlings; vermiculite mixed with peat soil（the proportion of them was 1∶1） was the most appropriate substrate for transplanting and cultivating tissue-cultured seedling, the survival rate reached up to 96.95%.