杉木愈伤组织及再生芽分化的细胞学观察

Cytohistological observation on callus and regeneration bud differentiation of Cunninghamia lanceolata

研究杉木愈伤组织形成及再生芽分化过程中的细胞组织发育规律,为建立杉木遗传转化体系提供科学依据。以杉木茎段为外植体,通过对组织培养条件下产生的愈伤组织进行体视显微镜和石蜡切片观察,分析愈伤组织的结构、形成及再生芽分化过程中的细胞组织变化规律。结果表明:愈伤组织先是由杉木茎段切口处表皮细胞分裂,再由维管束薄壁细胞通过脱分化逐渐形成的;愈伤组织在增殖期间分生细胞会形成不同维管组织;愈伤组织的再生芽分化是由愈伤组织的表皮分生细胞团先分化形成芽原基,再形成肉眼可见的再生芽;不定芽可从茎段直接分化形成,亦可通过愈伤组织再分化形成,两种不定芽发生方式均为外起源。

To provide scientific basis for the establishment of genetic transformation system of Cunninghamia lanceolata（ Chinese fir）,study on the development of cell tissue in the process of callus formation and regeneration bud differentiation of Chinese fir. The stem segments of Chinese fir were used as explants,analysis of the callus structure,formation and development of cell tissue during the differentiation of regeneration bud were studied with stereomicroscope and paraffin sections. The results showed that callus was first formed from the the epidermal cells split at the incision of stem segments,then gradually formed by the dedifferentiation of vascular parenchyma cells; during the proliferation of callus, meristematic cells would form different vascular tissues; the regeneration bud differentiation of callus was from the epidermal meristem cell of callus,which first forms the bud primordium,and finally formed the visible regenerated bud; adventitious bud can be differentiated from explants directly,or through the incision produced callus. Two kinds of adventitious bud formation way were external origin.