2016年北京市密云区农村生活污水现状分析

Analysis of the Status of Rural Living Sewage in Beijing Miyun District in 2016

目的调查2016年北京市密云区农村生活污水排放现状,并与2011年进行对比分析。方法采取分层随机抽样,在北京市密云区抽取5个镇20个村100户家庭,采用全国统一的"农村环境卫生监测"调查问卷进行现场调查。结果 2016年污水处理厂由10个上升到248个,上升了2 380.0%,污水处理方式主要为二级处理,占62.1%(154/248),其次为三级处理,占37.9%(94/248),覆盖人口占全区人口数的49.6%(21.509/43.34),其中农村人口占50.1%(10.776 8/21.509)。生活污水排放方式为管道排放,占40.0%,排放地点为处理厂和农田,占35.0%,与2011年比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。农村家庭生活污水通过管道排放的比例,2016年高于2011年(OR=4.692),文化程度高的高于低的(OR=1.752)。农村家庭生活污水排放到卫生地点的比例,2016年高于2011年(OR=4.713),平原高于山区(OR=3.011)。结论密云区农村生活污水排放,2016年较2011年有了较大改善,应继续加强并重点关注山区。

Objective This p a p e r tr ies to inv es tig ate th e cu r ren t s tatus of sewage d isch a rg e in ru ra l a rea s of Miyun d is tr ic t in Beijing in 2016, and to compare and analyze with that in 2011. Methods S tratified random sampling was ca r r ied out in the Miyun dist r ict of Beijing, and the survey was conducted in 100 families of 20 villages in 5 towns, and the national uni-fied rural environmental sanitation monitoring ques t ionnaire was conducted. Results In 2 0 1 6 , sewage tre a tm en t p lan ts in -creased from 10 to 248, by 2 380.0%, sewage treatment mainly for secondary treatment, account ing for 62.1% （154/248）, followed by tertiary treatment, account ing for 37.9% （94/248）, covering populat ion of 49.6% （21.509/43.34） of the total pop-ulat ion, the rural populat ion accounted for 50.1%（10.776 8/21.509） . The sewage discharge method was the pipel ine dis-charge, account ing for 40.0%, the discharge sites were the treatment plants and farmland, account ing for 35.0%（P〉0.05）, and the difference was not stat is t ical ly s ignif icant compared with that in 2011. The proportion of domestic sewage dis-charged by rural households in 2016 was higher than that in 2011 （OR=4.692）, and that of the families of higher education background was higher than the lower educat ion background（OR=1.752）. The proportion of domestic sewage discharged into hygienic places in rural areas in 2016 was higher than that in 2011 （OR =4.713）, and that of the plain was higher than the mountainous area （OR =3.011）. Conclusion T he sewage d isch a rg e in ru ra l a rea s in Miyun d is t r ic t has improved g reatly in 2016 and the mountainous areas should be cont inued to focus on.