居家养老中高血压患者家庭健康教育管理模式的效果分析

Analysis on the Effect of Family Health Education Management Model in Elderly Patients with Hypertension

目的探讨家庭健康教育管理模式在居家养老老人慢性病管理中的可行性。方法 2016年4—11月,对宜川辖区居家养老老人中高血压患者142例,纳入干预组,对照组与其性别、年龄、受教育程度1:1匹配,对干预组和对照组分别进行家庭健康教育干预和个人健康教育干预,对比两组患者在高血压防治知识知晓率、防治信念与态度、依从性和血压控制率的改变。结果 (1)干预组患者在家庭健康教育干预后,高血压防治知识知晓率、防治信念与态度、依从性均有明显提高,与对照组相比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);(2)干预组内部低中危组与高、很高危组在高血压防治知识知晓率、防治信念与态度、依从性和血压控制率上,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 (1)宜川居家养老老人中高血压患者,主要以女性为主,年龄层次偏大,主要在75岁以上;(2)家庭健康教育干预对于居家养老老人的高血压管理确实有益;(3)家庭健康教育的管理模式能够与患者及其家属进行有效的沟通,使患者在家庭环境的影响下,建立健康的生活方式,改变不良的生活习惯,有助于提高患者的服药依从性;(4)家庭健康教育模式对居家养老老人慢性病管理具有非常重要的意义,值得在社区中广泛推广。

Obje c t ive This p a p e r tr ies to inves tig ate th e fe a s ib i l i ty of th e family h e a l th ed u ca tio n man ag emen t mode in the elderly a t h ome. Me th o d s From Apr il to November 2016, 142 p a t ien ts with h yp e r ten s io n in th e e ld e r ly in Yich u an a rea were equally d iv id ed into th e in te rv en tio n group and th e control group by th e i r sex, age and ed u c a t io n lev e l, an d th e family heal th ed u c a t io n in te rv en tio n an d th e in d iv id u a l h e a l th ed u c a t io n in te rv en tio n was im p lem en ted in th e above groups re sp e c-tively, and th en th e ch ang es of knowledge awareness of h y p e r ten s io n, prev en tion beliefs an d a t t i tu d e s, com p lianc e an d blood pressure control ra te of th e two groups were com p a red. R e s u l ts ① After th e family h ea lth ed u c a tio n in th e inte rv en tio n group, the knowledge awareness of h y p e r ten s io n, p rev en tion beliefs an d a t t i tu d e s, com p lianc e were improved obviously, with signif icant differenc e from th e control group （ P 〈0.05） ; ②In th e in te rv en tio n group, th e re was no s ta t is t ic a l ly s ignif icant d if-ference b etwe en th e low/medium r isk group and th e hig h/ex trem ely high risk group in knowledge awa rene ss of h y p e r ten s io n , prevention beliefs an d a t t i tu d e s, com p lianc e an d blood p re s su re control ra te （ P 〉0.05）. C o n c lu s io n ①The majority eld e rly at home with h y p e r ten s io n were female in Yich u an a re a, with o ld er ages of above 75 y ea r o ld ; ②Family h ea lth ed u ca tio n in te r-vention for th e eld e rly man ag emen t of h yp e r ten s io n is in d e ed u s e f u l ; ③Family h e a l th ed u c a t io n man ag emen t model is h e lp -ful for th e p a t ien ts and th e i r families to commu nicate effe ctive ly, so th a t u n d e r th e in f lu en c e of th e family en v iro nm en t, th e pat ients c a n es ta b l ish a h ea lth y life s ty le, ch ang e th e b ad h a b i ts, h elp to improve th e p a t ie n t ’ s m ed ic at io n c om p l ia n c e;④Fami ly h e a l th ed u c a t io n model of home c a re for th e e ld e r-ly ch ro n ic d ise a s e man ag emen t has a very imp o rtant v alu e, so it is worth p o p u lar iza tion in th e commu ni ty.