我国中小学校建筑空间环境发展历程及面临的困境

ON THE DEVELOPMENT PROCESS AND PREDICAMENT OF ARCHITECTURAL ENVIRONMENT IN PRIMARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN CHINA

新中国成立60余年,我国中小学教育事业取得了很大成就,伴随着城市化进程的不断加快,城市中小学校内空间容量逐渐不足,引发上学难问题,加剧社会矛盾;新的教育改革措施的实行,使得原有的校内建筑空间模式与现有教育理念的不适应性日渐突出;"终身教育""全民教育"的呼声愈发高涨,国家鼓励学校向社区开放的政策,使得校园内的空间构成发生变化。本文从教育学角度和目前的国情出发,与发达国家的教育发展历程类比,探讨我国中小学校建筑空间环境所处的阶段,以明确未来的发展方向。

In the past 60 years since the founding of the People＇s Republic of China, the primary and secondary school education has made great achievements. With the accelerating of urbanization, the spatial capacity of urban primary and secondary schools has been gradually insufficient, which has caused difficulties in school and intensified social contradictions. The implementation of new education reform measures amplifies inadaptability between original campus building space mode and the existing education concept. The calls for ＂Lifelong education＂ and ＂Education for All＂ are rising. The policy of the state encouraging the school open to the community makes changes to the spacial composition of campus. This paper explores the stage of the space environment of primary and secondary schools and current national conditions, draws an analogy of other developed countries in education development, discusses architectural environment of primary and secondary schools in China to clarify the future development direction.