开封地区儿童急性呼吸道感染病原体检测结果分析

Analysis of pathogen detection results of children with acute respiratory virus infection in Kaifeng area

目的回顾性分析开封地区儿童呼吸道病毒感染常见病原学数据,为临床诊疗提供实验室依据。方法收集2016年1-12月开封市儿童医院12755例急性呼吸道感染患儿血清标本,采用免疫斑点试验检测患儿血清中6种常见呼吸道病原体早期特异性抗体Ig M:肺炎衣原体(CP)、肺炎支原体(MP)、呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)、腺病毒(ADV)、流感病毒(IV)、副流感病毒(PIV)。对病例阳性标本进行统计分析,比较不同年龄组、性别、季节、等感染情况的差异。结果 12755例患儿标本中有3636例阳性,阳性率为28.51%。6种呼吸道病原体的阳性率依次为:MP 15.03%、ADV 11.13%、IV 7.76%、RSV 3.03%、CP 1.24%、PIV 0.4%;呼吸道病原体检出率春、夏季节相对较高;4-6岁组阳性率最高,<1岁组感染率最低。结论该地区儿童呼吸道感染常见病原体以MP及ADV为主,其次是IV,其感染有季节、性别、年龄差异性;病毒混合感染中以MP混合感染为主。

Objective To retrospectively analyze the common pathogen data of respiratory virus infection in children in Kaifeng area, and to provide laboratory basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment. Methods A total of 12755 children with acute respiratory tract infection were enrolled in Kaifeng Children＇s Hospital from January to De-cember in 2016. Immunoassay test was used to detect the early specific antibody IgM：Chlamydia pneumoniae （CP）, Mycoplasma pneumoniae （ MP） , respiratory syncytial virus （ RSV） , adenovirus （ ADV） , influenza virus （ Ⅳ） , and parainfluenza virus （ PIV） . The positive samples were statistically analyzed, and their age, sex, season, and other differences were compared. Results Of the 12755 children, 3636 were positive, and the positive rate was 28. 51%. The positive rates of six respiratory pathogens were： MP 15. 03%, ADV 11. 13%, Ⅳ 7. 76%, RSV 3. 03%, CP 1. 24% and PIV 0. 4% respectively. The detection rate of respiratory pathogens was relatively high in spring and summer. Children younger than 1 year old had the lowest positive rate, and children aging from 4 to 6 had the highest rate. Conclusion The common pathogens of respiratory tract infection in children in this region are predominantly MP and ADV, followed by IV. The infection is different in different season, sex and age. The mixed infection of the virus is dominated by MP infection.