高职学生学习行为的影响因素和改进策略

Influencing Factors and Strategies for Improvement of Vocational College Students' Learning Behaviors

高职学生学习行为存在参与度不够、合作性较弱、主动性不足等基本特征。究其原因,包括内在的学习动机、学习能力,以及高等教育分层和社会思潮、管理制度和校园文化、教师魅力和教学方法、家庭支持和成长环境等外在因素。为改善其学习行为,助推高职院校教学改革的深化,高职院校应创新管理制度,巧用各项激励,激发学生学习动机;增强教师魅力,精心设计教学,提高学生参与度;营造学习氛围,改革评价方式,改善学生学习成效;凸显高职教育特色,重视职业能力和学习能力培养。

The learning behaviors of vocational college students are mainly characterized by low level of academic participation, cooperativeness and activeness. These problems, on one hand, are caused by students＇ learning motives and capacities; while on the other hand, there are also external causes, including the hierarchy of higher education, social thoughts, management and culture on campus, teacher charisma, teaching methods, the supports that students get from their family, and the environment they grow up. For the improvement of students＇ learning behaviors and the deepening of teaching reforms, vocational colleges should be innovative in management and motivate students with proper incentives. Teachers should increase their charisma and improve their instructional designs to engage students in the classroom. The colleges should develop a positive learning atmosphere and more effective evaluation methods to improve students＇ academic performance, and strengthen both learning capacity and vocational competence of students to highlight the advantages of higher vocational education.