寻找“自我”中迷失“自我”——对《高老头》中拉斯蒂涅形象的再认识

Losing 'self' in the process of looking for 'self'——Reconsideration of the image of Rastignac in the Father Goriot

多年来,学界对巴尔扎克小说《高老头》的研究离不开高老头的父爱和拉斯蒂涅的堕落这两个话题,论及原因都归咎于阶级或是时代,但是近200年,拉斯蒂涅的故事并不时过境迁。从成长小说的视角出发,认为拉斯蒂涅是小说的第一主人公,从主人公拉斯蒂涅经历的外省乡下、都市巴黎、坟场墓地三个日常空间入手,关照其成长的心路历程。通过对拉斯蒂涅在成长过程中"自我"认识、定位、迷茫到"自我"迷失的探究,指出主人公的成长问题既是个人的,也是19世纪30年代法国青年成长问题的代表,更是商业快速发展时期人类面临的共同问题,对后代成长发展有重要的启示意义。

Over the years,the study of Balzac＇s novel Father Goriot has been revolved around the two topics： the fatherhood of Father Goriot and the degeneration of Rastignac,resulting from the class or the times. However,the story of Rastignac has still not been out of date over the past 200 years. From the perspective of bildungsroman,this article states that Rastignac is the first protagonist of the novel and is concerned about Rastignac ＇s spirit growth involving three daily space from Rastignac＇s experiment： countryside in other provinces,urban Paris and cemetery. Through the exploration of self-cognition,self-position,self-confusion to self-loss during the process of Rastignac＇s growth,this article points out that the growth problem of the protagonist is both personal and representative of the youth of the 1930 s. This common problem arising from the rapid development of commercial economy is also of important implications for future generations.