新疆小麦条锈病和白粉病越夏调查

Preliminary Report on Over-summering of Stripe Rust and Wheat Powdery Mildew in Xinjiang

【目的】调查不同区域、不同海拔高度小麦田自生麦苗上小麦条锈病和白粉病的发生情况,研究小麦条锈病和白粉病在新疆不同麦区的越夏区域。【方法】采用随机抽样的调查方法,在新疆小麦条锈病和白粉病常发区的不同海拔高度,调查小麦自生苗上条锈病和白粉病的发生情况,并进行分析。【结果】小麦条锈病和白粉病在伊犁河谷地区在海拔669~1 875 m处自生麦苗上均可以越夏;喀什地区小麦白粉病在海拔1 308~1 916.2 m处自生麦苗上可以越夏,在该区域未发现小麦条锈病病株;昌吉州小麦白粉病在海拔770~1 145m处自生麦苗上可以越夏,在该海拔区域未发现小麦条锈病病株。【结论】小麦白粉病在各调查区不同海拔麦区均可越夏;小麦条锈病在伊犁河谷不同海拔区均有越夏孢子分布,在昌吉麦区及喀什麦区调查中未发现小麦条锈病越夏病株。

【Objective】Through the investigation and study of the occurrence of wheat stripe rust and wheat powdery mildew on volunteer seedlings in different altitude wheat fields in Xinjiang,the project aims to explore the diseases in over-summering areas. 【Method】The method of randomized block experiment was used to investigate and analyze the occurrence of stripe rust and powdery mildew in frequently-happening wheat fields at different altitudes.【Result】The results showed that wheat stripe rust and wheat powdery mildew could survive summer on the volunteer seedlings at the altitudes of 669-1,875 m in Yili prefecture.Wheat powdery mildew could live over-summer on the volunteer seedlings at the altitudes of 1,308-1,916.2 m in Kashi prefecture. Wheat powdery mildew could over-summer on the volunteer seedlings at the altitudes of 770-1,145 m in Changji prefecture. However,the wheat stripe rust were not found in Kashi and Changji prefecture. 【Conclusion】Wheat powdery mildew could survive summer in Yili,Kashi and Changji prefecture. The over-summering spores of wheat stripe rust were found in Yili River Valley at different altitudes. However,the over-summering spores of wheat stripe rust were not found in Kashi and Changji prefecture.