神经修复导管管壁结构研究进展

Research and Developments of Nerve Conduits with Wall Structure

神经导管是运用组织工程学的原理和方法,用生物或非生物材料制成的、可以在周围神经损伤断端建立神经桥接的管状结构,它为损伤的神经提供适当的神经再生微环境。神经导管不同的管壁结构对神经再生有一定的影响。神经导管由单层结构发展到双层结构和多层结构,通过不同管壁结构的探索来提高神经修复和再生的效果取得了一定进展。但是目前尚未完全仿制出具有天然神经结构的支架,无论单层、双层还是多层结构的神经修复导管仍存在一些问题。神经导管在神经修复中的应用前景广阔,制造出力学相容性优异、生物降解性良好、同时具有完整三维结构的神经导管是具有探索意义的一个方向。

Nerve conduits with tubular structure using the principle and method of tissue engineering,made of biomaterial or non-biomaterial materials are used to bridge the gap between the proximal and the distal nerve stumps.It could provide appropriate micro-environment for nerve repair and regeneration.Nerve conduits with different wall structures take good effect on nerve regeneration.The researches on different wall structure have made some progress.While the tubular nerve constructs with highly aligned architecture mimicking the native tissue have not yet developed.Both the single-layer/double-layer and multilayer structure of nerve conduits still have some problems.The development of nerve conduits is promising but how to fabricate a nerve conduit with excellent mechanical properties,good biodegradability,and complete threedimensional structure is a meaningful direction.