交通状况对出租车运行区域的影响研究

The influence of traffic states on the taxi running areas

针对大中城市高峰期间打车难的现象,利用出租车GPS数据,提出了一种量化研究出租车逃离城市拥堵区域的方法。首先采用射线法进行地图匹配,将中心城区路网划分为多个研究区域,利用出租车GPS数据来统计各区域每5分钟内的累计车辆频数;再利用不同区域间的累计车辆频数比值来描述区域间出租车的流动情况。研究结果表明,出租车在高峰期间存在逃离交通拥堵区域的现象,并且发现出租车逃离拥堵区域的时段相对于社会车辆的高峰期滞后0.5~1.0 h。该研究成果对于掌握出租车运行特性和出租车管理具有一定的借鉴价值。

In view of the difficulty of finding a taxi during peak hours in large and medium cities,a quantitive method was proposed to study taxis escape from urban congestion areas by using the GPS data of taxis.Firstly,ray method was used for map matching,the road network of central urban was divided into a plurality of research areas,and the taxi GPS data were used to calculate the cumulative vehicle frequency per 5 minutes in each region; Secondly,the cumulative vehicle frequency ratio between different regions was used to describe the flow of the taxis among different regions.The results show that taxis really have the phenomenon of escaping from traffic jams during peak periods,and it is found that the time of taxis fleeing congested areas lags behind 0.5 - 1.0 h relative to the peak period of social vehicles.The research results have certain reference value for mastering the characteristics of taxi operation and taxi management.