战国至秦汉砚台的形制演变及其成因初探

Research on evolution and origin of Shapes of Inkstones from the Warring States to the Qin and Han Dynasty

战国至秦汉时期,是我国书法艺术史上的一个重要阶段。书法的笔墨形态与书写工具材料等有密切的关系,本文拟就战国秦汉时期的砚台的形制演变及其成因展开初步探讨。通过研究目前出土的砚台实物与传世文献,笔者认为,由于人工制墨技术的出现,新型的丸墨及墨锭代替了矿物质石墨材料,对汉代砚台形制的演变产生了巨大的影响。

The period from the Warring States to the Qin and Han Dynasties was an important stage in Chinese calligraphy history. There is a close relationship between stroke forms and writing tools and materials. This paper tries to investigatethe evolution and causes on the shapes of inkstones in the period from the Warring States to the Qin and Han Dynasties. Through the study of inkstones and existing historical documents currently unearthed, the author finds that because of the artificial ink-making technology, new ink pills and ink sticks took place of mineral graphite materials, which enormously influenced on the evolution of the inkstone shapes in the Han Dynasty.