民事二审案件分流与程序分类

Case Distribution and Classification of Procedure on the Second Instance

民事二审案件分流和程序分类的目的在于缓和个案需求与上诉制度整体功能之间的冲突。二审案件分流的标准以上诉请求为限定条件,可分为事实问题、法律问题、程序问题三类。不同类型案件适用不同审理程序,程序分类是案件分流的必然结果和内在要求:对于提出新事实、新证据的案件,不可剥夺当事人听审机会,故而适用一审普通程序开庭审理;对于涉及复杂法律问题的案件,应当通过法律辩论和合议庭合议,通常适用简易开庭程序;对于严重违反法定程序、依法需要发回重审的案件,可不进入实体审理,通过快速程序分流至原审法院审理。

The goal of case distribution and classification of the procedure on the second in-stance is to reduce the conflict between the requests of single case and the whole function of appeal system. The basis of case distribution on the second instance is appeal request, which can be classi-fied to three types. There should be proper procedure rules to satisfy each type of request. There-fore ,the classification of the procedure is an inevitable result of case distribution. If some new facts or new evidences are proposed to the judge, the procedure rules on the second instance should refer to those on the first instance. However, if only legal questions are proposed to the judge, there is no necessary to hear the parties in an open hearing.