创新创业的就业效应分析

Analysis on Employment Effect of Innovation and Entrepreneurship

从创新创业的"双重增长"价值及其对就业的作用机制的角度展开分析,并建立多元回归计量模型,利用中国30个省份2003-2014年的省级面板数据进行实证研究。分析发现:创新创业具有坚实的政治经济学基础,创新创业能够促进产业技术创新、经济增长和拉动就业;创新创业可通过新增企业(创办企业)和企业革新(技术升级)、产业结构优化和新兴产业两个路径拉动就业增长;创新对就业的弹性系数达到0.014 377 8,创业对就业的弹性系数达到0.219 211 6。为此,建议放宽产业准入、鼓励高新技术企业和劳动密集型技术创新、积极推动公共就业服务以构建新的就业平台。

From the perspective of＂double growth＂value of innovation and entrepreneurship and its impact on mechanism of employment,and by a multiple regression model,the provincial panel data of 30 provinces in China from 2003 to 2014 were used for empirical study.The analysis shows that innovation has a solid foundation of political economics,innovation and entrepreneurship can promote the industrial technological innovation,economic growth and employment;Innovation and entrepreneurship can promote employment growth through two paths：increasing new enterprises（starting-up enterprises）and enterprise innovation（technological upgrading）,industrial structure optimization and creating new industries;The elasticity coefficient of innovation to employment is 0.0143778,and that of entrepreneurship to employment is0.2192116.To this end,it is suggested to relax industrial access,encourage high-tech enterprises and labor-intensive technological innovation,and actively promote public employment services to build a new employment platform.