我国城市社区治理存在的问题及其改革建议——以北京市的样本调查为基础

Current Problems and Suggestions of Urban Community Governance in China:Based on Sample Survey in Beijing

社区是国家治理体系中最基本的社会单元,而社区治理亦是现代城市治理的基础性工程。按照习近平总书记提出的"社会治理核心在人"的指导思想,基于人力资源学的视角,采用工作分析、人职匹配与驱动、职能设计与优化等方法,在观察与分析北京市社区治理特殊性的基础上,研究全国城市社区治理中普遍存在的相关问题及其对策。研究结果显示,当前我国城市社区治理存在治理主体职能定位不明确、权责不匹配、参与度低等问题。未来改革与发展的基本思路是:在明晰各治理主体职能的基础上,构建"市场为主体、政府管调控、居民来自治"的社区协同治理机制。

The community is the most basic social unit in the national governance system,and the community governance is also the basic project of modern urban governance.According to General Secretary Xi＇s guiding ideology of social governance principally depending on people,using job analysis,job matching and motivation,function design and optimization,the related problems of the national city community governance and the countermeasures were studied on the basis of the observation and analysis on the particularity of community governance in Beijing,from the perspective of human resources study.The results show that the ambiguous assignment of responsibilities,mismatching of power and responsibilities,low participation of governing subjects are the problems that exist currently in Chinese urban community governance.The basic ideas of the future reform and development are as follows：on the basis of clarifying the functions of the main governance bodies,the community cooperative governance mechanism will be constructed with the market as the main body,the government regulation and control,and the residents＇ autonomy together.