《三国遗事》扶余叙事之史源与史实考辨

An Examination on the Historical Origin and Facts of the Buyeo Narration in Overlooked Historical Records of the Three Korean Kingdoms

《三国遗事》扶余叙事展现的是12～13世纪高丽王朝的族源认同。5世纪前，汉魏晋宋的文献均对扶余始祖传说有明晰而一致的记载。5世纪时，扶余始祖传说开始变异，并在6世纪被与汉魏晋南朝传统不同的北朝官修史书所采信，进而形成北朝隋唐的扶余叙事传统。这一叙事传统成为高丽王朝历史认同的基础。扶余始祖传说在5世纪出现变异的重要原因是当时东扶余、农安扶余的亡国。由于扶余始祖传说在中国东北及朝鲜半岛具有构建统治合法性、动员民众的作用，其他族群便以此为政治历史资源嫁接进自身的始祖传说，从而使扶余始祖传说在扶余亡国后得以以变异的形式存在。当高丽王朝重建历史叙述时，扶余始祖传说再次作为重要历史资源整合入朝鲜半岛历史中，经由《三国遗事》的记载不断传承，并塑造了现代韩国人的历史观念。

The Buyeo narration in Overlooked Historical Records of the Three Korean Kingdoms is concerned with the identification of ethnic origin in the twelfth- and thirteenth-century Goryeo documents compiled between th Dynasty. e Han and Before the fifth century, the Song dynasties had a Chinese clear and consistent record of the legend of Buyeo＇s ancestors. During the fifth century, this legend began to change, which was then adopted in official historiography in the Northern Dynasty. Later on, it as much laid the narrative foundation for the successive Sui and Tang dynasties as became the basis for the historic identity of the Goryeo Dynasty. The reason for such change during the fifth century was the collapse of the Eastern Buyeo and the Nong＇an Buyeo. As this legend played a role of legitimating pohtical rule and mass mobilisation in Northeastern China and the Korean Peninsula, other ethnic groups utilised this legend as a politico-historic capital to build their own historic origin and identity, thus enabling this legend to retain its presence through changed forms. When the Goryeo Dynasty began its reconstruction of historical narration, this legend was used again as an important historic capital integrated into the history of the Korean Peninsula. Through the narration in Overlooked Historical Records of the Three Korean Kingdoms, this legend has come to shape the conceptions of history in modern South Korea.