管理哲学视域下的人性假设刍议

Discussion of the Human Nature Hypothesis in View of Management Philosophy

人类管理思想史上出现的人性假设为数众多,且多数都对人类管理实践产生过深远影响,具有一定的合理性和较强的针对性。但是随着时代的发展,这些基于特定历史条件和世界观下产生的人性假设的片面性、先验性和教条性等弊端也逐渐显露。管理哲学的目的在于理解管理科学,面对管理人性观研究的这一现状,管理哲学有责任也有义务去构建一种更加尊重人性现实的、全面的、客观的人性假设。而从管理实践论角度提出的"价值人"假设,把人看作一种在自身个性化需要的驱动下,以自身需要的满足作为价值指向和目标去进行行为选择和社会活动的人,合理而又全面、客观地诠释了人的存在本性。相比以往的经典管理人性观,"价值人"假设具有更强的理论解释力和实践指导力。

There are a lot of human nature hypotheses in the history of management.Most of them are rationaland highly targeted and have cast a strong influence on the human management activities.But with the devel-opment of the age,those hypotheses＇ drawbacks,such as one-sidedness,apriority,doctrine and so on,aregradually revealed as their generations are all based on the specific historical conditions and world views.Thepurpose of management philosophy is to understand the management science.Thus,it is the responsibility ofmanagement philosophy to establish a new human nature hypothesis which respects the reality of human na-ture with the qualities of comprehensiveness and objectivity.The＂value man＂from Social Practice,as a newhumanity hypothesis in management,is the criticism and transcendence of traditional humanity hypothesis.Itholds the opinion that human beings act according to their own needs.