“诗穷而后工”说的拓展与“诗福”说的产生

Expansion of Theory of “End of Poetry and Origin of Technique” and the Rise of “Bliss of Poetry”

传统诗学命题"诗穷而后工"说在清代获得了新的发展。在文体上,由于清代词学尊体和通俗文学繁荣,文体地位较低者多被比附于"诗","穷而后工"说由诗而统摄到词、戏曲、小说甚至外国文学作品,成为涵盖众多文体具有普遍意义的文论命题;在性别视角上,由于清代女性文学的兴盛,基于女性创作特点而提炼出的"诗福"说问世,这是与"诗穷而后工"相对立的一个命题。"诗穷而后工"说在清代实现了理论的越界与拓展。

Traditional Theory of＂End of Poetry and Origin of Technique＂develops in Qing Dynasty.Stylisti-cally,due to the prosperity of study of Ci and the development of popular literature,stylistically inferior genresare said to be＂poem＂and the theory expands from poetry to Ci,drama,fiction or even some foreign works,which becomes a general literary proposition; in the perspective of gender study,due to the prosperity of wom-en＇s writing in Qing Dynasty,theory of＂bliss of poetry＂appears based and refined on women＇s writing,whichis a proposition contrasted from Theory of＂End of Poetry and Origin of Technique＂,with the latter transcend-ing and expanding theoretically in Qing Dynasty.