国外开放政府数据描述规范的调查与分析

Investigation and Analysis of the Norms of Open Government Data Description of Foreign Countries

[目的 /意义]对开放政府数据进行规范描述有利于将政府数据资源相关联,提高政府数据资源的公众发现和重用,从而推动我国政府数据统一开放门户建设,促进尚处于起步阶段的我国政府数据开放共享的实现。[方法/过程]采用文献调查法,对开放政府数据水平较高的英国、美国、加拿大、澳大利亚、新西兰、欧盟的政府数据开放门户及其相关公共部门的元数据描述规范进行调研。[结果/结论]由国外情形,建议我国开放政府数据描述规范采用国际通用标准拟定本国元数据标准草案、适应网络特点编写控制词表、统一元数据格式,并提出我国开放政府数据元数据元素集草案,以期更好地实现政府数据开放共享。

[ Purpose/significance] The description of open government data is conducive to the government data re- sources related, to improve the government data resource＇ s discovery and reusing, so as to help with the construction of China＇ s government data open portal, which profoundly promotes China＇ s government data opening and sharing. [ Meth- od/process] Using literature survey method, this paper investigates the government open data portals and to its related public sectors of the UK, the United States, Canada, Australia, New Zealand and the European Union, which are of high level of open government data. [ Result/conclusion ] It is suggested that description specification of our country govern- ment open data should adopt the international common standard to prepare the national metadata standard draft, prepare the controlled vocabulary adapting to network environment, and unify the metadata format. It proposes a Draft of China Open Government Data Metadata Elements Set, so as to better realize the government data openness and sharing, thus to better realize the government data opening and sharing.