民国时期县银行发展及绩效探析--基于《县银行法》的考察

An Exploration of the County Banking Development and Performance in the Republic of China:An Investigation Based on the County banking law

民国时期县银行发展经历了两个阶段,第一个阶段始于农工银行,以自发的诱致性变迁为主;第二个阶段始于《县银行法》,以政府主导的强制性变迁为主。经历了诱致性变迁向强制性变迁的转变之后,县银行的数量大幅增加,资本规模有所提升。通过考察表明,虽然县银行的整体绩效仍差强人意,但是其经济绩效、社会绩效等方面,都得到不同程度的发展。由于县银行与村镇银行等地方中小银行有诸多相似之处,其经验教训对于当前银行业改革和发展,仍有重要的借鉴和参考价值。

The county banking development during the period of the republic of China has experienced two stages,the first stage began in the agricultural and industrial bank,mainly spontaneously grew,the second stage began in the county banking law,mainly pushed by governmental efforts.Based on the investigation of County banking law,the paper analyzes the establishment of the capital scale county banks and other developments before and after the promulgation of County Banking Law.On this basis,the paper further discusses the performance of county bank based on the aspects of competition ability,profitability,operational efficiency,regional structure and social contribution.Because the county bank and small and medium-sized regional banks such as rural banks have many similarities,its experience and lessons for the current banking reform and development,there are still important reference value.