二里头遗址“1号大墓”学案综理

The Academic History of the No. 1 Burial at Erlitou

著名的二里头遗址"1号大墓",一直以来被当作研究二里头国家"金字塔"式社会结构的重要资料。2002年的再发掘以及相关比较分析表明,该遗存并非墓葬,而应是带有夯土井坑的水井。类似遗存多见于二里岗文化时期的郑州商城,而二里头遗址二里头文化晚期所见,应是此类水井遗存中最早的。该遗存定性上的种种问题,都可以从对原始材料的分析梳理中窥知。

The renowned ＂large tomb No.1＂ at Erlitou has long been considered significant proof that the Erlitou state was of the social pyramid structure. However, according to the re-excavation in 2002, this very ruin turned out not to be a tomb, but a rammed-earth shaft. Remains alike were common in the Zhengzhou walled settlement of the Shang Dynasty, which date to the Erligang period. Therefore this well at Erlitou was the earliest among its kind, which dates to the late Erlitou period.Erlitou, large tomb, rammed-earth shaft, academic history